Internet platforms have a First Amendment right to curate content and decide whether to host specific instances of speech as they see fit. HB 20 does not prevent censorship but empowers the state of Texas to police and control speech online, overriding the First Amendment rights of online businesses.
The law also tramples the First Amendment by allowing the government to force private businesses to host speech they don’t want to and discriminates against specific speakers by only targeting businesses over a certain size.
NetChoice Experts on HB 20
Chris Marchese
As Counsel, Chris analyzes technology-related legislative and regulatory issues at both the federal and state level. His portfolio includes monitoring and analyzing proposals to amend § 230 of the Communications Decency Act, antitrust enforcement, and potential barriers to free speech and free enterprise on the internet.
Before joining NetChoice in 2019, Chris worked as a law clerk at the U.S. Chamber Litigation Center, where he analyzed legal issues relevant to the business community, including state-court decisions that threatened traditional liability rules. Chris earned his J.D. from Antonin Scalia Law School at George Mason University, and earned a B.A. in History and Political Science at Boston College, graduating cum laude from both institutions. Chris is a member of the D.C. bar.
Nicole Saad Bembridge

As Associate Counsel, Saad Bembridge focuses on NetChoice’s litigation and amicus efforts. She specializes in reviewing federal and state legislation that affect the First Amendment, freedom of speech, Section 230 and AI.
Before joining NetChoice, Saad Bembridge worked as a legal associate at the Cato Institute’s Center for Constitutional Studies, where she co-authored twelve appellate amicus briefs, a policy analysis on content moderation paradigms, and provided analysis on a broad range of constitutional and statutory issues of first impression. During law school, she worked at the United Nations and at Georgetown University’s Institute for Technology Law & Policy.
Steve advocates for NetChoice positions at the National Conference of State Legislatures and the American Legislative Exchange Council, where he serves on the Private Enterprise Board. Moreover, Steve regularly enters the lion’s den at the Streamlined Sales Tax Governing Board, where he’s the lone opponent of new tax burdens on Internet commerce.
Carl Szabo

As Vice President and General Counsel, Carl analyzes tech-related legislative and regulatory initiatives relevant to online companies. He monitors and analyzes Federal and state legislation. Carl is also an adjunct professor of internet law at the George Mason Antonin Scalia Law School.
Carl obtained his J.D. and Communications Law Certificate from the Catholic University of America, magna cum laude, and Carl obtained his B.A. in Economics, Managerial Studies, and Policy Studies from Rice University. Carl is licensed to practice law in Washington, DC and is a Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP/US)
Court Filings
- NetChoice and CCIA’s complaint.
- NetChoice and CCIA v. Paxton Civil Cover Sheet
- NetChoice and CCIA v. Paxton Exhibit A
- NetChoice and CCIA’s motion.
- Plaintiffs’ unopposed motion for leave to file over-length motion for preliminary injunction.
- Court’s grant of plaintiffs’ unopposed motion.
- NetChoice’s Declaration
- CCIA’s Declaration
Third-party support of the motion for preliminary injunction:
- Declaration from YouTube
- Declaration from Facebook
- Declaration from LGBT Technology Institute
- Declaration from Stop Child Predators
- Declaration from Technology Network
District court ruling, granting the Preliminary Injunction.
The State of Texas’ Opening Brief in 5th Circuit appealing the District Court’s ruling on the preliminary injunction.
- NetChoice & CCIA Opening Brief
- Amicus Brief by Hon. Chris Cox, Author of Section 230
- NetChoice & CCIA’s Response to Texas’ Opening Brief
- Texas’s Response to NetChoice & CCIA’s Opening Brief
The Fifth Circuit’s Order.
NetChoice and CCIA filing to SCOTUS
Amicus briefs in support of NetChoice & CCIA’s request. Please view this page to see a full summary of all the briefs:
- Chamber of Progress
- TechFreedom *please note this filing contains real examples of vile content that HB 20 protects from moderation*
- Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press
- Cato Institute
- Center for Democracy & Technology & Electronic Frontier Foundation
- Honorable Christopher Cox
- Eric Goldman
- Copia Institute
The State of Texas’ brief in opposition to NetChoice and CCIA’s request. The state of Florida’s amicus brief supporting the State of Texas.
NetChoice and CCIA’s response to Texas’ brief.
The ruling from SCOTUS.
- Fifth Circuit’s ruling.
- NetChoice & CCIA Unopposed Motion to Stay the Mandate Pending Petition for Writ of Certiorari.
- Fifth Circuit approves the petition.
- NetChoice & CCIA petitioned the Supreme Court to hear NetChoice v. Paxton.
- Texas response to NetChoice’s petition for certiorari.
- NetChoice Reply Brief.